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La fiebre chikungunya (CHIK) es una enfermedad emergente transmitida
por mosquitos y causada por un alfavirus, el virus chikungunya
(CHIKV). Esta enfermedad es transmitida principalmente por los
mosquitos Aedes aegypti y Ae. albopictus, las mismas especies involucradas en la
transmisión del dengue. Estas guías fueron concebidas para ser adaptadas por cada País Miembro. Están
diseñadas para mejorar los conocimientos sobre esta amenaza y para brindar las
herramientas necesarias que permitan establecer las estrategias más adecuadas
para prevenir la importación de CHIKV a la Región, o para su control en caso
de introducción. Proporcionan orientación sobre cómo detectar un brote de
la enfermedad, desarrollar las investigaciones epidemiológicas pertinentes y
prevenir o mitigar la diseminación de la enfermedad en la Región. 
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| Con membresía $90.- (MXP) Público en general $120.- (MXP) + gastos de envío. Adquiérelo en: www.amexbio.wildapricot.org |
The overall threat of a viral pathogen to human populations is largely determined by the modus operandi and velocity of the pathogen that is transmitted among humans. Microorganisms that can spread by aerosol are considered a more challenging enemy than those that require direct body-to-body contact for transmission, due to the potential for infection of numerous people rather than a single individual. Additionally, disease containment is much more difficult to achieve for aerosolized viral pathogens than for pathogens that spread solely via direct person-to-person contact. Thus, aerobiology has become an increasingly necessary component for studying viral pathogens that are naturally or intentionally transmitted by aerosol. The goal of studying aerosol viral pathogens is to improve public health preparedness and medical countermeasure development. Here, we provide a brief overview of the animal biosafety level 4 Aerobiology Core at the NIH/NIAID Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA. |
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1: Merler S, Ajelli M, Fumanelli L, Vespignani A. Containing the accidental laboratory escape of potential pandemic influenza viruses. BMC Med. 2013 Nov 28;11:252
ABSTRACT
Background: Healthcare workers may come into contact with fomites containing
infectious HCV during preparation of plasma, or following placement or removal of
venous lines. Similarly, injection drugs users may come into contact with fomites.
Hypothesizing that prolonged viability of HCV in fomites may contribute significantly to
incidence; we determined the longevity of virus infectivity and the effectiveness of
antiseptics.
Methods: We determined the volume of drops misplaced during transfer of serum or
plasma. Aliquots equivalent to the maximum drop volume of plasma spiked with 2a
HCV reporter virus were loaded into 24-well plates. Plates were stored uncovered at three
temperatures: 4°, 22°, and 37°C for up to 6 weeks before viral infectivity was determined
in a microculture assay.
Results: The mean volume of an accidental drop was 29 μl (min - max of 20 - 33 μl). At
storage temperatures 4° and 22°C, we recovered viable HCV from the low titer spots for
up to 6 weeks of storage. The rank order of HCV virucidal activity of commonly used
antiseptics was bleach (1:10) > cavicide (1:10) > ethanol (70%).
Conclusions:
The hypothesis of potential transmission from fomites was supported by the experimental
results. The anti-HCV activity of commercial antiseptics varied.
Reference
Elijah Paintsil1, Mawuena Binka2, Amisha Patel2, Brett D. Lindenbach3, and Robert Heimer2. Hepatitis C Virus Maintains Infectivity for Weeks after Drying on Inanimate Surfaces at Room Temperature: Implications for Risks of Transmission. JID 2013.
http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/11/22/infdis.jit648.full.pdf
Responsible life sciences research for global health security #DURC
Publication date: 2010
Languages: English
WHO reference number: WHO/HSE/GAR/BDP/2010.2
