Foto del Simposio de #Bioseguridad en Monterrey #AMexBio #sibb2014www.amexbio.org

www.amexbio.org

Conferencias sobre Biotecnología y Derecho

La ciencia y la tecnología avanzan vertiginosamente. El derecho no es indiferente a ese progreso. Temas como la modificación genética y la biotecnología deben ser analizados cuidadosamente, no sólo desde el punto de vista legal, sino también científico. Por esa razón, es importante conocer a través de especialistas los conceptos básicos que nos permitan entender el fenómeno. En tal sentido, con el ánimo de contribuir a la actualización de los miembros del Poder Judicial de la Federación y de quienes aspiran pertenecer a él, en temas de novedad e importancia significativa, se delineó el presente Ciclo de Conferencias
sobre Biotecnología y Derecho.
Al finalizar el ciclo de conferencias, el alumno:
1. Distinguirá en qué consisten los organismos genéticamente modificados.
2. Conocerá el marco jurídico aplicable en materia de bioseguridad y organismos genéticamente modificados.
3. Contará con un panorama general sobre Biotecnología e innovación científica.
Dirigido al público en general interesado en el tema.
CONVOCATORIA    -    REGISTRO

INVITA:
Instituto de la Judicatura Federal 
Escuela Judicial

AVISOS #AMEXBIO Sobre el simposio #SIBB14

AVISO 1: el día 1 de junio se cerrará el sistema de registro en línea. Si desea registrarse le pedimos que lo haga directamente en sede, pero por favor considere la disponibilidad de espacios.

AVISO 2. Quedan POCOS lugares para los cursos presimposio de:
- Planificación, Diseño y Construcción de laboratorios de Contención
- Cabinas de Seguridad Biológica
- Regulación para Organismos Genéticamente Modificados

Ya están CERRADOS (llenos) los cursos presimposio de: 
- Evaluación de Riesgos desde la perspectiva de Bioseguridad
- Comités de bioseguridad institucionales
- Desarrollo de Manuales de Bioseguridad y Biocustodia para laboratorios

Aún hay lugares en el resto de los cursos.

Recomendaciones de salud para el Mundial Brasil 2014

Diferentes organizaciones de salud emitieron recomendaciones de salud para los viajeros a la copa del mundo en Brasil en Junio. Estas recomendaciones incluyen:

1. Contratar un seguro médico del viajero, en caso de emergencias. Pregunte en su agencia de viajes. 
2. Preparar un kit de salud del viajero. Incluir medicamentos que pueden ser de utilidad en caso de emergencia, como por ejemplo: anti-histamínicos, anti-ácidos, antisépticos, repelente de mosquitos, etc.
3. VACUNAS recomendadas:

• Varicela
• Poliomelitis
• Influenza
• Sarampión, paperas, rubéola (MMR)
• Difteria, tétanos, pertusis
• Fiebre amarilla
• Rabia
• Hepatitis A y hepatitis B

VEA el resto de las recomendaciones en las siguientes páginas:

1. CDC Recomendaciones de Viajeros a la Copa Mundial Brasil 2014  PDF
2. Ministerio de Salud Argentina. Recomendaciones para viajeros al Campeonato Mundial de Fútbol Brasil  PDF
3. CDC Travel health recommendations World Cup in Brazil. 
4. Public Health England 2014 World Cup in Brazil: Health advice for fans

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Knowledge Levels Regarding Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Among Emergency Healthcare Workers in an Endemic Region

In this study, we aimed to determine knowledge levels regarding Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) among emergency healthcare workers (HCWs) in an endemic region. A questionnaire form consisting of questions about CCHF was applied to the participants. The mean age was 29.6 ± 6.5 years (range 19 - 45). Fifty-four (49.5%) participants were physicians, 39 (35.8%) were nurses and 16 (14.7%) were paramedics. All of the participants were aware of CCHF, and 48 (44%) of them had previously followed CCHF patients. Rates of the use of protective equipment (masks and gloves) during interventions for patients who were admitted to the emergency service with active hemorrhage were 100% among paramedics, 76.9% among nurses and 61.1% among physicians (P = 0.003). Among 86 (78.9%) HCWs who believed that their knowledge regarding CCHF was adequate, 62 (56.9%) declared that they would prefer not to care for patients with CCHF (P = 0.608). The use of techniques to prevent transmission of this disease, including gloves, face masks, face visors and box coats, should be explained to emergency room HCWs, and encouragement should be provided for using these techniques.
REFERENCE
Yolcu S. et. al. Knowledge Levels Regarding Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Among Emergency Healthcare Workers in an Endemic Region. J Clin Med Res. Jun 2014; 6(3): 197–204.
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Synthetic biology revolution #podcast

Convocatoria para miembros #AMexBio

Aproveche los descuentos en cursos y congreso.

PERIODO DE RECEPCIÓN DE DOCUMENTOS: 

ENERO A MAYO DE CADA AÑO. 

=>  CONVOCATORIA  <=

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Evaluation of mycobactericidal activity of #disinfectants

The history of the investigation of standardized mycobactericidal activity of disinfectants and antiseptics is not very long. There is growing interest among the manufacturers of disinfectants in carrying out research on the antimicrobial activities in accordance with European standards (EN). This research could facilitate the introduction of high-quality disinfectants to the market. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mycobactericidal activity of selected chemical disinfectants and antiseptics used in the medical and veterinary fields.
REFERENCE:
Bocian E. et al. Evaluation of mycobactericidal activity of selected chemical disinfectants and antiseptics according to European standards. Med Sci Monit. 2014; 20: 666–673.

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Microbial Ecology in States of Health and Disease

Individually and collectively, resident microbes play important roles in host health and survival. Shaping and shaped by their host environments, these microorganisms form intricate communities that are in a state of dynamic equilibrium. This ecologic and dynamic view of host-microbe interactions is rapidly redefining our view of health and disease. It is now accepted that the vast majority of microbes are, for the most part, not intrinsically harmful, but rather become established as persistent, co-adapted colonists in equilibrium with their environment, providing useful goods and services to their hosts while deriving benefits from these host associations. Disruption of such alliances may have consequences for host health, and investigations in a wide variety of organisms have begun to illuminate the complex and dynamic network of interaction - across the spectrum of hosts, microbes, and environmental niches - that influence the formation, function, and stability of host-associated microbial communities.
Microbial Ecology in States of Health and Disease is the summary of a workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Microbial Threats in March 2013 to explore the scientific and therapeutic implications of microbial ecology in states of health and disease. Participants explored host-microbe interactions in humans, animals, and plants; emerging insights into how microbes may influence the development and maintenance of states of health and disease; the effects of environmental change(s) on the formation, function, and stability of microbial communities; and research challenges and opportunities for this emerging field of inquiry.

REFERENCE:
Institute of Medicine. Microbial Ecology in States of Health and Disease: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2014.
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Fitting Characteristics of #N95 Filtering-Facepiece #Respirators Used Widely in China

Millions of people rely on N95 filtering facepiece respirators to reduce the risk of airborne particles and prevent them from respiratory infections. However, there are no respirator fit testing and training regulations in China. Meanwhile, no study has been conducted to investigate the fit of various respirators. The objective of this study was to investigate whether people obtained adequate fit when wearing N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) used widely in China. Fifty adult participants selected using the Chinese respirator fit test panel donned 10 common models of N95 FFRs. Fit factors (FF) and inward leakage were measured using the TSI PortaCount Plus. Each subject was tested with three replications for each model. A subject was considered to pass the fit test when at least two of the three FFs were greater than 100. Two models were conducted fit tests before and after training to assess the role of training.
REFERENCE:
Yu et al. Fitting Characteristics of N95 Filtering-Facepiece Respirators Used Widely in China. PLoS One. 2014; 9(1): e85299.
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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, #MERS -CoV

Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that cause a range of illnesses in humans, from the common cold to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Viruses in this family also cause a number of animal diseases.
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
This strain of coronavirus that causes MERS was first identified in 2012 in Saudi Arabia. Our understanding of the virus and the disease it causes is continuing to evolve.
UPDATE: May 15th, 2014. The cases of laboratory confirmed MERS-CoV have been reported from Jordan, Lebanon, the Netherlands, the United Arab Emirates, and the United States.

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#México: A Regulatory Structure for Working with Genetically Modified Mosquitoes

Sustainable and effective control of dengue is hampered due to a number of factors, including the lack of evidence-based, locally relevant interventions; insufficient information regarding key components of virus transmission and vector ecology; failure to implement precise and efficient surveillance systems; inefficient healthcare systems; ineffective health promotion and outreach resulting in lack of community dialogue and participation; and a paucity of efficient diagnostic strategies and clinical attention. Increased research efforts in response to the complexity of this problem have focused on the development of novel technologies that would enhance existing tools for vector-borne disease prevention. Genetic strategies to reduce or replace mosquito populations and thereby interrupt transmission of dengue viruses are among the new approaches being considered. Many of these approaches take advantage of molecular genetic tools to engineer traits that cause lethal phenotypes or confer resistance to the pathogen in the mosquito.
We addressed the regulatory challenges associated with testing a strain of Aedes aegypti engineered to result in population suppression in contained field trials in southwestern Mexico.
REFERENCE:
Ramsey JM et. al. A Regulatory Structure for Working with Genetically Modified Mosquitoes: Lessons from Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. Mar 2014; 8(3): e2623.

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#MERS -CoV sequenced and cultured from Dromedary Camels in Saudi Arabia

Complete Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) genome sequences were obtained from nasal swabs of dromedary camels sampled in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia through direct analysis of nucleic acid extracts or following virus isolation in cell culture. Consensus dromedary MERS-CoV genome sequences were the same with either template source and identical to published human MERS-CoV sequences. However, in contrast to individual human cases, where only clonal genomic sequences are reported, detailed population analyses revealed the presence of more than one genomic variant in individual dromedaries. If humans are truly infected only with clonal virus populations, we must entertain a model for interspecies transmission of MERS-CoV wherein only specific genotypes are capable of passing bottleneck selection.
REFERENCIA:
Briese T, et al. 2014. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus quasispecies that include homologues of human isolates revealed through whole-genome analysis and virus cultured from dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia. mBio 5(3):e01146-14. doi:10.1128/mBio.01146-14.
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Technologies to Enable Autonomous Detection for #BioWatch

The BioWatch program, funded and overseen by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), has three main elements--sampling, analysis, and response--each coordinated by different agencies. The Environmental Protection Agency maintains the sampling component, the sensors that collect airborne particles. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention coordinates analysis and laboratory testing of the samples, though testing is actually carried out in state and local public health laboratories. Local jurisdictions are responsible for the public health response to positive findings. The Federal Bureau of Investigation is designated as the lead agency for the law enforcement response if a bioterrorism event is detected. In 2003 DHS deployed the first generation of BioWatch air samplers. The current version of this technology, referred to as Generation 2.0, requires daily manual collection and testing of air filters from each monitor. DHS has also considered newer automated technologies (Generation 2.5 and Generation 3.0) which have the potential to produce results more quickly, at a lower cost, and for a greater number of threat agents.
Technologies to Enable Autonomous Detection for BioWatch is the summary of a workshop hosted jointly by the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council in June 2013 to explore alternative cost-effective systems that would meet the requirements for a BioWatch Generation 3.0 autonomous detection system, or autonomous detector, for aerosolized agents.

REFERENCE:
Institute of Medicine and National Research Council. Technologies to Enable Autonomous Detection for BioWatch: Ensuring Timely and Accurate Information for Public Health Officials : Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2014.
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NEWS: Homeland Security cancels plans for new BioWatch technology
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Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals

Extremely hazardous substances can be released accidentally as a result of chemical spills, industrial explosions, fires, or accidents involving railroad cars and trucks transporting EHSs. Workers and residents in communities surrounding industrial facilities where these substances are manufactured, used, or stored and in communities along the nation's railways and highways are potentially at risk of being exposed to airborne extremely hazardous substances during accidental releases or intentional releases by terrorists. Pursuant to the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has identified approximately 400 extremely hazardous substances on the basis of acute lethality data in rodents.
Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Volume 16 identifies, reviews, and interprets relevant toxicologic and other scientific data for selected aliphatic nitriles, benzonitrile, methacrylonitrile, allyl alcohol, hydrogen selenide, ketene, and tear gasin order to develop acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for these high-priority, acutely toxic chemicals.

REFERENCE:
National Research Council. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals: Volume 16. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2014. Free by registering.
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5 de Mayo. Salve vidas: lávese las manos @who @pahowho @opsoms

=> Campaña mundial anual de la OMS. 5 de mayo de 2014 <=
Está preparado para evitar la propagación de microorganismos resistentes a los antimicrobianos?
La OMS le pide que el 5 de mayo de 2014 se nos una en una campaña sobre el papel de la higiene de las manos en la lucha contra la resistencia a los antimicrobianos.
Si no actuamos hoy no habrá curación mañana: asegúrese de que los 5 Momentos de la OMS para la higiene de las manos se integran en la protección de sus pacientes frente a los microorganismos resistentes.
El mundo ha sufrido un cambio irreversible: los patógenos multirresistentes han venido para quedarse. Para combatirlos son esenciales las medidas de prevención de las infecciones. La OMS presentará en breve un llamamiento a la acción para el 5 de mayo de 2014. Pronto podrá ver cómo participar en las actividades de este año, dedicado al tema de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos y la higiene de las manos.
REFERENCIAS:

• Material y documentos sobre la higiene de manos
• SALVE VIDAS: Lávese las manos
• => WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care (revised Aug 2009) <=
• Tools and resources

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#FelizDiaDelNiño: 28 dias después, el #cómic en México por @kamite5

Para este puente y día del niño aquí en México, les traigo algo cool! Pues nada, que esta semana andaba fisgoneando en una de esas librerías del restaurante de los buhitos, buscando una revistilla para entretenerme, y en la sección de comics veo unos grandes símbolos de riesgo biológico. Con la obviedad de que eran cómics, sólo decían "28 días después", y como pueden ver en la foto, sin introducción ni nada. Hábilmente, la editorial (Kamite) las vende empaquetadas, así que eso de hojearlas, olvídenlo! Así, que al revisar las portadas de los números disponibles (12 hasta el momento), pude deducir: a) zombies; b) la pelicula "Exterminio"; c) seguro es un virus.
Me puse a investigar, y Sector Cómic Mx nos cuenta la historia de este cómic en español. El cómic Cuenta la historia de que pasa con Selena, ​después de la primer película. La calidad es en estilo de los cómics americanos, de 24 páginas/número. $30 pesos por número. De acuerdo a Sector Cómic Mx, la serie estará limitada a 35 números. Así que no me he podido resistir, y tengo los primeros 5 números!

Development and Performance Evaluation of an Exhaled-Breath #Bioaerosol Collector for #Influenza Virus

Abstract

The importance of the aerosol mode for transmission of influenza is unknown. Understanding the role of aerosols is essential to developing public health interventions such as the use of surgical masks as a source control to prevent the release of infectious aerosols. Little information is available on the number and size of particles generated by infected persons, which is partly due to the limitations of conventional air samplers, which do not efficiently capture fine particles or maintain microorganism viability. We designed and built a new sampler, called the G-II, that collects exhaled breath particles that can be used in infectivity analyses. The G-II allows test subjects to perform various respiratory maneuvers (i.e. tidal breathing, coughing, and talking) and allows subjects to wear a mask or respirator during testing. A conventional slit impactor collects particles > 5.0 μm. Condensation of water vapor is used to grow remaining particles, including fine particles, to a size large enough to be efficiently collected by a 1.0 μm slit impactor and be deposited into a buffer-containing collector. We evaluated the G-II for fine particle collection efficiency with inert particle aerosols and evaluated infective virus collection using influenza A virus aerosols. Testing results showed greater than 85% collection efficiency for particles greater than 50nm and influenza virus collection comparable with a reference SKC BioSampler®. The new design will enable determination of exhaled infectious virus generation rate and evaluate control strategies such as wearing a surgical type mask to prevent the release of viruses from infected persons.
REFERENCE:
McDevitt JJ,  Koutrakis P, Ferguson ST, et al.  Development and Performance Evaluation of an Exhaled-Breath Bioaerosol Collector for Influenza Virus. Aerosol Sci Technol. 2013 January 1; 47(4): 444–451.

Programa del VI Simposio Internacional de #Bioseguridad y #Biocustodia #SIBB14 #Amexbio

¡Aprovecha precios de Abril!

La Asociación Mexicana de Bioseguridad (AMEXBIO) y la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL) invitan al VI Simposio Internacional de Bioseguridad y Biocustodia (SIBB14)

Fechas: 4 al 7 de junio de 2014

Lugar: Instalaciones de la UANL, en Monterrey, Nuevo León, México

=> Descarga el PROGRAMA (PDF) <=

Cursos y talleres a escoger (4 y 5 de junio)

-    Bioseguridad en hospitales e instituciones de salud

-    Bioseguridad en animalarios
-    Bioseguridad en granjas y durante emergencias agropecuarias
-    Embalaje y envío de materiales biológico-infecciosos
-    Evaluación de riesgo biológico
-    Comité institucional de bioseguridad para investigación
-    Cabinas de seguridad biológica
-    Desarrollo de manuales de bioseguridad y biocustodia
-    Ingeniería para el profesional en bioseguridad
-    Planeación, diseño y construcción de laboratorios de contención
-    Regulación de organismos genéticamente modificados
-    Bioseguridad (curso básico)

Simposio (6 y 7 de junio): Bioseguridad y Globalización.

=> Descarga el PROGRAMA (PDF) <=

-    Conferencias magistrales
-    Mesas redondas
-    Bio-cineclub
-    Trabajos libres en cartel
-    Expo comercial

Para más información sobre programa, inscripción, becas, envío de resúmenes de trabajos libres y otros, favor de visitar:
www.sibb.info 

Exposición Comercial

Conozca los nuevos productos y servicios para la gestión del riesgo biológico así como las barreras para el manejo de materiales biológico infecciosos.

=> Descarga el PROGRAMA (PDF) <=

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© 2014 Asociación Mexicana de Bioseguridad A.C.
Av. Mazatlán 97. Col. Condesa. Del Cuauhtémoc. México D.F. 06140.  
http://amexbio.org
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Día Mundial contra el #Paludismo #malaria - 25 de Abril

Cada año se registran más de 200 millones de casos, la mayoría de los cuales nunca se someten a pruebas ni se registran. La aparición de la resistencia a los fármacos y los insecticidas amenaza con dar al traste con las recientes victorias.

1. El paludismo, o malaria, es una enfermedad potencialmente mortal causada por parásitos que se transmiten al ser humano por la picadura de mosquitos infectados.
2. En 2012, el paludismo causó cerca de 627 000 muertes (con un margen de incertidumbre que oscila entre 473 000 y 789 000), sobre todo en niños africanos.
3. El paludismo es prevenible y curable.
4. Gracias al aumento de las medidas de prevención y control la carga de la enfermedad se está reduciendo notablemente en muchos lugares.
5. Los viajeros no inmunes procedentes de zonas sin paludismo que contraen la infección son muy vulnerables a la enfermedad

REFERENCIAS:

Nota descriptiva sobre el paludismo. OMS

Día mundial contra el paludismo (inglés).

Roll Back Malaria

Datos del paludismo en México

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Emergence of Zaire Ebola Virus Disease in Guinea — Preliminary Report

Map of Guinea Showing Initial Locations
of the Outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease

ABSTRACT
In March 2014, the World Health Organization was notified of an outbreak of a communicable disease characterized by fever, severe diarrhea, vomiting, and a high fatality rate in Guinea. Virologic investigation identified Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) as the causative agent. Full-length genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that EBOV from Guinea forms a separate clade in relationship to the known EBOV strains from the Democratic Republic of Congo and Gabon. Epidemiologic investigation linked the laboratory-confirmed cases with the presumed first fatality of the outbreak in December 2013. This study demonstrates the emergence of a new EBOV strain in Guinea.
REFERENCIAS:
Baize S. et al. Emergence of Zaire Ebola Virus Disease in Guinea — Preliminary Report. NEJM 2014, April 16, 2014DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1404505
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AUDIO: WHO press conference on #Ebola outbreak 08/APR/2014

Conferencia de prensa 08/APR/2014.
Por Keiji Fukuda, MD, WHO's assistant director-general for health security and environment.
Stephane Hugonnet, MD, WHO medical officer who returned from Guinea this past weekend

RESUMEN:
Este es una de las epidemias de ébola más desafiantes y difíciles enfrentadas. El trabajo de WHO ha sido en colaboración y apoyo con diversas instituciones (Médicos sin fronteras, Instituto Pasteur, CDC, Cruz Roja, UNICEF, Samaritan Purse, World Food Program y la Universidad de Tulane) y de diversos países, incluyendo Canadá, DR Congo, Unión Europea, Italia, Gabón, Alemania, Korea del Sur, Uganda.
Ébola es una enfermedad severa, pero que conocemos como se transmite, por lo que puede ser controlada. Si las personas tomas las medidas adecuadas, la enfermedad puede controlarse, especialmente identificando a las personas enfermas y contactos cercanos. Debido al miedo que esta enfermedad produce, es absolutamente crítico proveer a las personas los datos y hechos, para que las personas sepan cómo trabajar.
CASOS:
GUINEA               LIBERIA          SIERRA LEONA             GHANA                  MALI
157 casos             23 probables       2 probables                No confirmados       No confirmados
101 muertos           7 muertos         No confirmados
                             5 confirmados

TRABAJO PARA EL CONTROL DE LA EPIDEMIA
- Epidemiología y vigilancia, para identificar casos y contactos.
- Control de infecciones, para evitar transmisión pacientes-personal de salud o pacientes-familiares, mediante el envío de equipo de protección personal a las áreas afectadas, y la implementación de medidas sanitarias.
- Gestión médica, tratamiento sintomático que es de gran importancia. No hay tratamiento específico.
- Laboratorios móviles (2), para la confirmación de los casos
- Comunicación, para evitar rumores, transmitiendo información.
- Movilización social, para facilitar el transporte de pacientes a los hospitales.
- Personal con experiencia de Gabón y Congo se encuentra en Guinea.

Aún hay trasmisión de casos, por lo que la epidemia se encuentra aún en curso.
Al momento hay detección pasiva, es decir que los pacientes llegan a los hospitales. No se ha implementado detección activa, que es buscar casos en casas de áreas afectadas.

AUDIO:
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AUDIO (inglés): Tres semanas de la epidemia de #ébola.

 La historia completa de NPR aquí.
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VIDEO: Médicos sin fronteras explica la epidemia de #Ébola en Guinea

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Exposure of Laboratory Animal Care Workers to Airborne Mouse and Rat Allergens

Abstract
Urine of rats and mice is the main source of allergenic proteins that can enter the respiratory tract of laboratory animal care workers. Little is known about the levels and determinants of these exposures in the United States. We investigated the relationship between activities in animal facilities and levels of personal exposure to allergen by collecting personal breathing zone dust samples from 7 caretakers during full workdays for 1 wk. Mice and rat urinary allergens in inhalable dust were quantified via immunoassay. The activities of the sampled workers were observed, and the methods of preventing exposure to allergens were recorded. Mouse urinary allergen was detected in 20 of 39 measurements, yielding a geometric mean of 0.8 ng/m(3) with a maximum of 24 ng/m(3). Washing and cleaning cages and the number of mice handled daily were the most important determinants of personal exposure to mouse urinary allergen, as identified by using multiple linear regressions that explained 51% of total variance. Personal exposures to mouse urinary allergen were associated with day-to-day variation of tasks rather than characteristics of workers. Where potential for personal exposure is the highest, protective measures (N95 masks and cage dumping stations) appeared to be used, as is appropriate. Rat urinary allergen was detected in 4 of 39 measurements; detectable concentrations were between 0.8 and 39 ng/m(3). Only persons who handled rats were exposed to rat urinary allergen. The current findings are valuable for establishing exposure levels against which comparisons of improvement or deterioration of personal exposures can be made.
REFERENCE:
Glueck JT, Huneke RB, Perez H, Burstyn I. Exposure of laboratory animal care workers to airborne mouse and rat allergens. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2012;51(5):554-60.