Sodium hydroxide treatment effectively inhibits #prion replication in farm soil

Tribble-like amyloid plaques of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
acquired from eating prion-infected beef.
Credit: Sherif Zaki; MD; PhD and Wun-Ju Shieh; MD; PhD; MPH CDC

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) agents are shed into biological samples, facilitating their horizontal transmission between cervid species. Once prions enter the environment, binding of PrPCWD by soil particles may maintain them near the soil surface, posing a challenge for decontamination. A 2 N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or 2% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) solution is traditionally recommended for prion decontamination of equipment and surfaces. Using protein misfolding cyclic amplification with beads and a bioassay with TgElk mice, we compared the effects of these disinfectants in CWD-contaminated soil for 1 or 16 h to those of controls of known infectious titres. Our results suggest that 2 N NaOH in a 1/5 farm soil volume provides a large decrease (>102-fold) in prion infectivity.
REFERENCES:

• Sohn, Hyun-Joo et al. Sodium hydroxide treatment effectively inhibits PrPCWD replication in farm soil. Prion vol. 13,1 (2019): 137-140. doi:10.1080/19336896.2019.1617623
• Prions Are Forever: The lethal proteins are in the Hard-to-Kill Hall of Fame--and may be more common than we realize

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